Acetyl-L-carnitine
500 mg, 100 capsules

A major cause of aging is the deterioration of the energy-producing components of the cell, which results in reduced cellular metabolic activity, the accumulation of cellular debris, and eventual death of the cell.

L-carnitine helps to maintain cellular energy metabolism by assisting in the transport of fat through the cell membrane and into the mitochondria within the cell, where these fats are oxidized to produce the cellular energy ATP.

Acetyl-L-carnitine is the acetylated ester of the amino acid L-carnitine. Acetyl-L-carnitine is an endogenous mitochondrial membrane compound that helps to maintain mitochondrial bioenergetics and lowers the increased oxidative stress associated with aging. Acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine are absorbed into the bloodstream efficiently and both are very effective at carrying fatty acids across the membrane into the cell where they are burned as energy and utilized efficiently in the mitochondria of the cell. Acetyl-L-carnitine also guards against oxidative damage. Amyloid-beta peptide is a principal component of senile plaques and is thought to be central to the pathogenesis of degenerating process.

Acetyl-L-carnitine exerts protective effects against Abeta neurotoxicity and oxidative stress.

About 95% of cellular energy occurs in the mitochondria. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) is the biologically active amino acid involved in the transport of fatty acids into the cell’s mitochondria for the purpose of producing energy. ALC influences the maintenance of key mitochondrial proteins for maximum energy production. ALC easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and may have potential in exerting unique neuroprotective, neuromodulatory, and neurotrophic properties. ALC may improve the age-associated decline of memory, improve mitochondrial structure and function, inhibit the age-associated increase of oxidative damage, elevate the levels of antioxidants, and restore the activity of key enzymes.

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Acetyl-L-Carnitine Arginate
100 Capsules

A major cause of aging is the deterioration of the energy-producing components of the cell, which results in reduced cellular metabolic activity, the accumulation of cellular debris, and eventual death of the cell.

L-carnitine helps to maintain cellular energy metabolism by assisting in the transport of fat through the cell membrane and into the mitochondria within the cell, where these fats are oxidized to produce the cellular energy ATP.

Acetyl-L-carnitine arginate is a patented form of carnitine that stimulates the growth of neurites in the brain. Studies show that acetyl-L-carnitine arginate stimulates the growth of neurites by 19.5%, which is almost four times better than acetyl-L-carnitine.

The acetylated form of L-carnitine (acetyl-L-carnitine) facilitates the release and synthesis of acetylcholine by donating its acetyl group to the production of acetylcholine, an important neurotransmitter. Acetyl-L-carnitine also enhances the release of dopamine from neurons and helps it bind to dopamine receptors.

Acetyl-L-carnitine is more effective than L-carnitine in carrying fatty acids across the membrane into the cell where they are burned as energy. With the discovery of acetyl-L-carnitine arginate, the benefits of acetyl-L-carnitine can now be greatly augmented.
References

Acetyl-L-carnitine arginate is a patented form of acetyl-L-carnitine. This patented form of carnitine seems to help protect the brain cells from neurotoxins. Since 1995, Life Extension members have been supplementing with acetyl-L-carnitine and deriving the many benefits this form of carnitine has shown in published scientific studies. With the discovery of acetyl-L-carnitine arginate, the benefits of acetyl-L-carnitine can be greatly augmented. For more information, see this product in the Brain Health section.

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Blueberry Extract Capsules
60 vegetarian capsules

When scientists analyze fruits and vegetables for their antioxidant capability, blueberries rank among the highest in their capacity to destroy free radicals.1 Rich in antioxidants that combat oxidative stress and inflammation, blueberry extracts not only help preserve youthful cognitive function, but also help maintain healthy blood flow via several mechanisms, including maintaining already normal LDL levels and endothelial function.

The two most active constituents found in blueberries are anthocyanins and pterostilbene. Blueberry anthocyanins are considered one of nature’s most potent antioxidants. Pterostilbene is the other blueberry constituent that helps maintain healthy lipid and glucose levels that are already within healthy ranges. Through its unique biological effects and antioxidative potential, pterostilbene may help maintain healthy DNA structure.

Scientists have discovered mechanisms to explain how blueberries can improve memory and restore healthy neuronal function to aged brains. The benefits of blueberries on brain function are analogous to those seen with long-term calorie restriction.

Blueberry Extract Capsules contain a combination of highly concentrated wild blueberry extracts (not cultivated). These extracts are standardized to natural compounds that have the highest physiological activity for the health benefits associated with consumption of fresh blueberries.

To augment the benefits of this healthful fruit, a new wild blueberry extract has been added to Blueberry Extract that provides more potent active ingredients than cultivated blueberries. Blueberry Extract now contains AuroraBlue®, which provides the only true wild Alaskan blueberries that grow in a completely natural environment without exposure to any harmful chemicals. This complex of wild fruits belonging to the genus Vaccinium is rich in unique antioxidants (anthocyanins and pterostilbene being the two most active) and possesses nearly 10 times the antioxidant capacity of cultivated berries.

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Cognitex with Pregnenolone & NeuroProtection Complex
90 softgels

Protecting brain health is vital if the pursuit of a longer life is to have any meaning. According to current wisdom, some degree of cognitive impairment is all but inevitable as we age.1-6 That is, unless steps are taken to prevent it.

The ideal strategy for preserving brain function begins with preventing factors that may contribute to cognitive decline. Good nutrition—including dietary supplements— and a healthy lifestyle are key. As a first step toward ensuring brain health, keep your blood pressure and weight in check. However, there is much more that can and should be done to protect the aging brain. Nutritional support for the aging brain is of paramount importance.

A powerful blend of nutrients
Cognitex is formulated to take advantage of the latest developments and ingredients for cognitive health. The latest ingredient in the Cognitex formula is uridine-5’-monophosphate, a critical brain nutrient.

Uridine-5’-monophosphate (UMP) is a basic building block of RNA and DNA as well as of phosphatides such as phosphatidylcholine that are critical to optimal brain function and the health of neuronal cell membranes.* Naturally found in the milk of nursing mothers, UMP is essential not only for the growth and development of infant brains, but also for healthy cognitive function in aging adults.13 Dietary supplementation with UMP may increase brain acetylcholine and phosphatide levels, and enhance some cholinergic functions.

The Cognitex formula provides other critical extracts that support healthy brain function, such as blueberry standardized with both anthocyanins and pterostilbene.

Blueberry anthocyanins are considered one of nature’s most potent antioxidants and have demonstrated properties that extend well beyond suppressing free radicals. Pterostilbene, the other blueberry constituent, helps maintain healthy lipid and glucose levels in those already within normal range.8* Importantly, through their unique biological effects; pterostilbene and anthocyanins may help support DNA structure.

A crucial building block in the brain is phosphatidylserine (PS). In fact, brain tissues are especially rich in this nutrient, but aging causes a decline in the PS content of cells throughout the body, which can lead to cognitive decline.* Phosphatidylserine helps the brain use its fuel efficiently. By boosting glucose metabolism and stimulating production of acetylcholine, supplemental phosphatidylserine has been shown to improve the condition of patients experiencing age-associated memory impairment or cognitive decline. Thus, replacing this brain food is essential.

Life Extension’s Cognitex formulas contain a compound that mimics the naturally occurring PS in the brain. SharpPS GOLD® fortified with omega-3 fatty acids delivers PS to the brain to help retard the cognitive degeneration so often seen with advanced age.* These unique nutrients have been extensively studied and may be of tremendous benefit for the aging brain.

Mitochondrial Energy Optimizer 
120 Capsules

The loss of cellular vitality is caused by a number of factors, including mitochondrial problems, glycation, and free-radical reactions.  Life Extension® Mitochondrial Energy Optimizer is a state-of-the-art nutritional formula that protects delicate cellular structures and enables cells to perform life-sustaining metabolic processes.

Glycation and Aging

As humans age, their proteins become irreversibly damaged by lethal glycation reactions. Glycation is the cross-linking of proteins and sugar to form nonfunctioning structures in the body, which can lead to alterations of normal cell function. Carnosine is not only the premier antiglycating agent, but it also protects neurons against reactive and cytotoxic protein carbonyl species associated with normal aging.

Optimized TryptoPure® Plus
90 vegetarian capsules

L-Tryptophan is an essential amino acid, which means it cannot be synthesized by the human body and therefore must be part of the diet or supplementation. The best sources for tryptophan are high-protein foods such as oats, bananas, dried dates, dairy products, fish, many nuts, and poultry.

Tryptophan is critical in helping your body produce proteins for muscle, hair, and skin. Unfortunately,  tryptophan is the least abundant amino acid in your diet. Even a person on a high-protein diet gets less than 1.5 grams of tryptophan a day. What’s more, when you ingest tryptophan it undergoes degradation processes that dramatically reduces the amount actually available for conversion to serotonin in the brain. Some experts estimate that only 1% of the dietary tryptophan you take in reaches the brain. For some this is sufficient, but for others, low levels can adversely affect sleep, weight, and mood.

Tryptophan is a precursor for serotonin. Unlike other products that influence serotonin reuptake, L-tryptophan is a direct precursor that results in almost immediate increases in serotonin, which is one of the primary neurotransmitters involved with sleep and mood.

In those people with low serotonin levels, L-tryptophan has been shown to help establish and maintain healthy levels, which may help to improve mood and reduce tension. In those people with serotonin levels already within the normal range, L-tryptophan acts as a natural sleep aid, not only helping people fall asleep, but also helping them stay asleep throughout the night and wake without grogginess. For this reason, some experts believe tryptophan can be a safe and effective sleep aid when added to your diet as a supplement. Supplementing your diet with tryptophan, specifically TryptoPure®, may mean a more restful night’s sleep, a brighter mood, and a host of other benefits.

Life Extension has selected TryptoPure® as its tryptophan of choice. TryptoPure® is the most trusted tryptophan available today. TryptoPure® is suitable for vegetarians, additive-free, solvent-free, 100% fermented, and GMP certified.

Life Extension has developed a patent-pending formula called Optimized TryptoPure® Plus that provides lysine, niacinamide, hops, ginger and rosemary extracts to protect tryptophan against excessive degradation in our aging bodies, thus sparing it for conversion into serotonin in the brain.

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Super Omega-3 EPA/DHA
with Sesame Lignans & Olive Fruit Extract
120 softgels

As people age, systemic inflammation can inflict degenerative effects throughout the body.  A primary cause of this destructive cascade is the production of cell-signaling chemicals known as inflammatory cytokines. Along with these dangerous cytokines, imbalances of hormone-like messengers called prostaglandins also contribute to inflammatory processes.

Essential fatty acids (EFAs)

The body needs fatty acids to survive and is able to make all but two of them: linoleic acid (LA), in the omega-6 family and alpha linolenic acid (ALA), in the omega-3 family. These two fatty acids must be supplied by the diet and are therefore considered essential fatty acids (EFAs).

The omega-3 fatty acids EPA (eicosapentanoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) are found in abundance in fatty fish and some marine mammals, as well as in the algae (seaweed) upon which they feed. Based on the multiple health effects of omega-3 fatty acids, including its effects on the heart, the importance of DHA and EPA cannot be over-stated. Life Extension’s Super Omega-3 utilizes a patented Pure+™ EPA/DHA extraction and distillation process that results in a pure, stable and easy-to-tolerate fish oil extract, reducing contaminants such as mercury and PCBs to virtually undetectable levels. The result is improved fish oil that exceeds the standards set by international rating agencies. (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are usually lacking in the typical Western diet that includes high amounts of omega-6 fats.7 EPA and DHA can be synthesized from ALA, but EPA and DHA synthesis may be insufficient under certain conditions.

While the polyunsaturated fats known as omega-6 fatty acids are essential to optimal health, most Americans and citizens of other Western nations consume far too many omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and not enough omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In fact, some Western diets consist of 20 parts of omega-6 to only one part of omega-3. For optimum health, the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids should be between 1:1 and 4:1. This severe imbalance that occurs with most people contributes to the development of long-term health problems.

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Super R-Lipoic Acid
60 vegetarian capsules

A newly discovered form of R-lipoic acid is being hailed as the "next-generation" antioxidant powerhouse. This breakthrough occurred by converting the biologically active "R" form of lipoic acid to sodium-R-lipoic acid, which is absorbed up to 21 times better in the body than pure R-lipoic acid. Not only does the new lipoic acid formulation reach higher peak blood levels, it also achieves them up to 12 times faster than R-lipoic acid, ensuring rapid uptake from the plasma into the tissues. A recent study showed that oral ingestion of Super R-lipoic acid reached peak plasma concentrations within just 10-20 minutes of supplementation.

What's more, unlike other forms of lipoic acid, Super R-lipoic acid is more stable in the body. The increased stability of this enhanced formulation is the reason for its greater absorption and bioavailability compared with R-lipoic acid.

The superior antioxidant effects of R-lipoic acid are already well known for supporting healthy mitochondrial function. Now, Super R-lipoic acid provides more potent benefits for preserving youthful cellular energy levels.

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Tocotrienols with Sesame Lignans
60 Softgels

The term “vitamin E” refers to a family of eight related, lipid-soluble, antioxidant compounds widely distributed in plants. The tocopherol and tocotrienol subfamilies are each composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta fractions having unique biological effects. Different ratios of these compounds are found in anatomically different parts of a plant. For example, the green parts of a plant contain mostly alpha-tocopherol and the seed germ and bran contain mostly tocotrienols. Along with other nutrients tocopherols and tocotrienols are concentrated in the bran layers of the rye grain, and are only present at low levels in the flour endosperm. Tocopherols are also present in algae, mint teas, and other food stuff.

When this family of compounds was first discovered and determined to be essential for health, a standardized test for its activity was devised for which the members of the family were rated for their biological activity. In one test, alpha tocopherol scored highest and was rated 100% with all others having lower ratings. In accordance with this rating, alpha-tocopherol was deemed to be the essential compound and was called vitamin E. One International Unit (IU) of vitamin E activity is the activity under this rating of one mg of the plant-derived form of alpha-tocopherol.

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